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So are you saying mitophagy (death of the mitochondria) due to excess Ca2+ lead to epithelial cell apoptosis? Don't we want damaged mitochondria to undergo mitophagy in order to promote healthy mitochondria in a cell? Or does this process cause total destruction of all mitochondria and that is why you want to stop it?

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What if the mitochondria don't know they're broken? So the mitophagy doesn't occur as it should.

Imagine an old engine and its old carburetor that is no longer tuned correctly. Combustion in the engine still happens. It's the fuel and oxygen ratio that is a bit unbalanced. So it backfires and splutters and puts out a lot of smoke. But it works... Sort of.

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