Paper has a problem. One wonders if the vaccines are responsible for long Covid. The researchers did consider this possibility. They immediately dismiss it because spike circulation this far out in time is rare. And this assumption is the problem. They have raw data and they could have separated the data into two bins — vaccinated vs not. If their assumption was correct, the data would’ve supported their hypothesis.
Instead, they took a low probability event to assume their low probability event— long Covid is also rare — and did not explore if these two events are correlated. This, imo, is straight out laziness and incompetence. And these are the experts whom we should trust our lives with?
I’ve had long covid for 2 years now! I’m not vaccinated. Extensive brain fog, unintentional weight loss (65 lbs in 2 yrs), extreme fatigue. I’m a 53 year old female and feel my life is literally wasting away. I knew deep down when you explained about the mimicry of Cachexia and long covid- I am a PERFECT example of what this has done. Yes I have been through the FLCCC protocols etc- NOTHING has helped me. All tests from docs have cleared me of cancer and yet no one knows why I have deteriorated since having my DEC 2020 “infection “. I have said from day 1- I felt like I had been poisoned. Wish I knew of a physician near me who would be willing to investigate my case.
Thank you Walter. Bear with me please: "SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be reverse-transcribed and integrated into the human genome in cells overexpressing a reverse transcriptase." - does this imply that it takes a serious covid infection to enable reverse transcriptase? Can we assume that if you are transfected with the jab, and if the jab has the mRNA payload in it, that your DNA will then contain the spike? I follow both you and J. Couey. I think Jonathan' theory about gain-of-purity is correct - does this imply that the covid virus was spread by intentional release and it is not in the viral swarm? Simple questions from a retired EE. Thanks for all you are doing for your fellow man. Peace. :-)
For natural infection my hunch is it is patients that were not treated with HCQ or IVM etc to stop the viral replication within the first 5 days could this be the case? I know if patient’s went with the deadly protocols suggested by the 3 letters they were waiting 10 days or until hospitalization to do anything. I tend to suspect those with Long Covid are those that waited so the cytokine storm was able to cause damage? Not that I want anybody to be effected long term but if my guess is right it will be far fewer than it could be if it is natural infection in general.
"Given the inappropriate interpretation of high-throughput sequencing methods and improper experimental design by the authors (1), we ask for restraint about the conclusions presented by the study. It remains unlikely that retrotranscription and integration of the SARS-CoV-2 genome in patients happens at any notable frequency, or even at all."
Question for you: Is this a valid challenge to Zhang, et. al.'s paper?
It was my understanding that presence of the S protein by itself was an indication that it was the result of vaccination rather than natural infection.....
I thought that the purpose of the vaccine was to have the body make the S protein alone (in order for the immune system to recognize and respond to the virus).
The presence of the S protein attached to the rest of the virus indicates a natural infection origin.
This is what is happening, in my opinion. You made me shudder though. This sounds more and more like HIV pathology all the time to me. With bonuses. I mean, from the point of view of an acute phase and a chronic phase primarily. God, I hope I am way off.
Wouldn't poor neutralization of S protein due to a shift of antibodies to IGg4 also promote long term circulation? In people whose primary exposure was via mRNA therapeutics, they would have been exposed to large amounts of S protein but not N protein - perhaps explaining the discrepancy? I am having trouble finding the breakdown of vaccination status of the cohort in your first study.
Do they control for jabbed versus unjabbed? I don’t think COVID and it’s aftermath can be properly analyzed without knowing this due to the enormous number and variety of health problems post jab. I do also acknowledge that Covid itself, whatever it actually is, causes various problems in some people.
Unfortunately, I think this is a serious possibility, but with the mRNA vaccines. I am working on an article on this, as there was another biologist in 2022 raising some strong concerns about the mechanisms that could make it tenable with respect to the mRNA vaccines. His work seemed totally overlooked in the English language sphere. Also, Pfizer itself actually knew about this possibility in those documents they were forced to release (the ones they tried to hide for 75 years). Would you mind if I share my work with you when I am done?
This seems to be the case, and I believe there is some evidence to support the notion that the spike protein is integrated into certain cells:
-In the dataset GSE171964, the second vaccine dose induced a new kind of monocytes (Cluster 8 cells) that were high in CD14 (a classical monocyte marker), CD1C (a dendritic cell marker) and CD274 (programmed death-ligand 1). The authors noted that these cells were uniquely induced by mRNA vaccination as their gene signature did not overlap with signatures from COVID-19 patients and recipients of non-COVID vaccines. During my reanalysis of the dataset I found that these Cluster 8 cells also produced large amounts of APOBEC3A, an mRNA-editing enzyme with anti-viral activity against HIV-1, although it has been suggested that SARS-CoV-2 utilizes the APOBEC-mediated mutations for fitness and evolution (DOI: 10.1101/2021.12.18.473309). In any case, it can be concluded that APOBEC3A is induced by the spike protein.
-In the abandoned dataset GSE200274 (for which a study text was never published), macrophages were isolated from vaccinated and unvaccinated subjects and stimulated with bacterial LPS. Macrophages from unvaccinated subjects did not produce APOBEC3A after stimulation with LPS whereas macrophages from vaccinated subjects did produce APOBEC3A (p < 0.015). Since APOBEC3A is a marker for the presence of spike protein, it could be concluded that activation of these macrophages with LPS induced them to first synthesize spike protein and consequently APOBEC3A.
I can provide more data and figures if you’re interested.
I really don’t believe long covid is actually anything new. Post viral syndrome‘s have been around before. Plus I personally have experienced long Covid type symptoms for a long time pre-covid times. It’s really similar to chronic fatigue/ME. That said, I have no medical or scientific background at all. 
Walter you are a saint as well as brilliant! Thank you for relentlessly hunting for all the puzzle pieces that will, one day, point to the truth in all of this.
Could virus-like proteins or viral-like particles (VLPs) of the spike protein released into the air be a possible explanation for this? Or possibly shedding?
Paper has a problem. One wonders if the vaccines are responsible for long Covid. The researchers did consider this possibility. They immediately dismiss it because spike circulation this far out in time is rare. And this assumption is the problem. They have raw data and they could have separated the data into two bins — vaccinated vs not. If their assumption was correct, the data would’ve supported their hypothesis.
Instead, they took a low probability event to assume their low probability event— long Covid is also rare — and did not explore if these two events are correlated. This, imo, is straight out laziness and incompetence. And these are the experts whom we should trust our lives with?
I’ve had long covid for 2 years now! I’m not vaccinated. Extensive brain fog, unintentional weight loss (65 lbs in 2 yrs), extreme fatigue. I’m a 53 year old female and feel my life is literally wasting away. I knew deep down when you explained about the mimicry of Cachexia and long covid- I am a PERFECT example of what this has done. Yes I have been through the FLCCC protocols etc- NOTHING has helped me. All tests from docs have cleared me of cancer and yet no one knows why I have deteriorated since having my DEC 2020 “infection “. I have said from day 1- I felt like I had been poisoned. Wish I knew of a physician near me who would be willing to investigate my case.
Thank you Walter. Bear with me please: "SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be reverse-transcribed and integrated into the human genome in cells overexpressing a reverse transcriptase." - does this imply that it takes a serious covid infection to enable reverse transcriptase? Can we assume that if you are transfected with the jab, and if the jab has the mRNA payload in it, that your DNA will then contain the spike? I follow both you and J. Couey. I think Jonathan' theory about gain-of-purity is correct - does this imply that the covid virus was spread by intentional release and it is not in the viral swarm? Simple questions from a retired EE. Thanks for all you are doing for your fellow man. Peace. :-)
For natural infection my hunch is it is patients that were not treated with HCQ or IVM etc to stop the viral replication within the first 5 days could this be the case? I know if patient’s went with the deadly protocols suggested by the 3 letters they were waiting 10 days or until hospitalization to do anything. I tend to suspect those with Long Covid are those that waited so the cytokine storm was able to cause damage? Not that I want anybody to be effected long term but if my guess is right it will be far fewer than it could be if it is natural infection in general.
Well, that would suck royally. Hope you are incorrect.
Very interesting. This is a 2020 article. Was it discussed anywhere? Were the findings replicated?
It seems highly important so I hope some followup studies were done on real people, not just on HEK293 cells. A very worthwhile topic.
Walter,
Sorry for my senior moment writing Charles the first time.
The first paper linked in this article was a preprint. Here's the may 6, 2021 updated paper:
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2105968118
Then Parry, Giffort, Lytras & Coin challenge it in:
https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2109066118 which ends in:
"Given the inappropriate interpretation of high-throughput sequencing methods and improper experimental design by the authors (1), we ask for restraint about the conclusions presented by the study. It remains unlikely that retrotranscription and integration of the SARS-CoV-2 genome in patients happens at any notable frequency, or even at all."
Question for you: Is this a valid challenge to Zhang, et. al.'s paper?
It was my understanding that presence of the S protein by itself was an indication that it was the result of vaccination rather than natural infection.....
I thought that the purpose of the vaccine was to have the body make the S protein alone (in order for the immune system to recognize and respond to the virus).
The presence of the S protein attached to the rest of the virus indicates a natural infection origin.
Am I wrong about that?
This is what is happening, in my opinion. You made me shudder though. This sounds more and more like HIV pathology all the time to me. With bonuses. I mean, from the point of view of an acute phase and a chronic phase primarily. God, I hope I am way off.
Wouldn't poor neutralization of S protein due to a shift of antibodies to IGg4 also promote long term circulation? In people whose primary exposure was via mRNA therapeutics, they would have been exposed to large amounts of S protein but not N protein - perhaps explaining the discrepancy? I am having trouble finding the breakdown of vaccination status of the cohort in your first study.
Do they control for jabbed versus unjabbed? I don’t think COVID and it’s aftermath can be properly analyzed without knowing this due to the enormous number and variety of health problems post jab. I do also acknowledge that Covid itself, whatever it actually is, causes various problems in some people.
Thanks for your work.
Unfortunately, I think this is a serious possibility, but with the mRNA vaccines. I am working on an article on this, as there was another biologist in 2022 raising some strong concerns about the mechanisms that could make it tenable with respect to the mRNA vaccines. His work seemed totally overlooked in the English language sphere. Also, Pfizer itself actually knew about this possibility in those documents they were forced to release (the ones they tried to hide for 75 years). Would you mind if I share my work with you when I am done?
This seems to be the case, and I believe there is some evidence to support the notion that the spike protein is integrated into certain cells:
-In the dataset GSE171964, the second vaccine dose induced a new kind of monocytes (Cluster 8 cells) that were high in CD14 (a classical monocyte marker), CD1C (a dendritic cell marker) and CD274 (programmed death-ligand 1). The authors noted that these cells were uniquely induced by mRNA vaccination as their gene signature did not overlap with signatures from COVID-19 patients and recipients of non-COVID vaccines. During my reanalysis of the dataset I found that these Cluster 8 cells also produced large amounts of APOBEC3A, an mRNA-editing enzyme with anti-viral activity against HIV-1, although it has been suggested that SARS-CoV-2 utilizes the APOBEC-mediated mutations for fitness and evolution (DOI: 10.1101/2021.12.18.473309). In any case, it can be concluded that APOBEC3A is induced by the spike protein.
-In the abandoned dataset GSE200274 (for which a study text was never published), macrophages were isolated from vaccinated and unvaccinated subjects and stimulated with bacterial LPS. Macrophages from unvaccinated subjects did not produce APOBEC3A after stimulation with LPS whereas macrophages from vaccinated subjects did produce APOBEC3A (p < 0.015). Since APOBEC3A is a marker for the presence of spike protein, it could be concluded that activation of these macrophages with LPS induced them to first synthesize spike protein and consequently APOBEC3A.
I can provide more data and figures if you’re interested.
I really don’t believe long covid is actually anything new. Post viral syndrome‘s have been around before. Plus I personally have experienced long Covid type symptoms for a long time pre-covid times. It’s really similar to chronic fatigue/ME. That said, I have no medical or scientific background at all. 
Walter you are a saint as well as brilliant! Thank you for relentlessly hunting for all the puzzle pieces that will, one day, point to the truth in all of this.
Could virus-like proteins or viral-like particles (VLPs) of the spike protein released into the air be a possible explanation for this? Or possibly shedding?